不使用 Helper 的实现
下一节将介绍不使用帮助程序的可能的实现。如果要通过帮助程序模板实现多于规划的接口,这种实现非常有用。帮助程序模板只允许最多十个接口。本节还将介绍核心接口的工作方式。
XInterface 实现
对象生命周期通过通用基接口 com.sun.star.uno.XInterface 的方法 acquire()
和 release()
来进行控制。这两种方法使用引用计数实现,即每使用一次 acquire()
,计数器递增,每使用一次 release()
,计数器递减。最后一次递减之后,对象“死亡”。在线程安全的模式下编程时,此计数器成员变量的修改通常通过一对名为 osl_incrementInterlockedcount()
和 osl_decrementInterlockedcount()
(包括 osl/interlck.h)的 sal 库函数执行。
namespace my_sc_impl { class MyService1Impl ... { oslInterlockedCount m_refcount; public: inline MyService1Impl() throw () : m_refcount( 0 ) {} // XInterface virtual Any SAL_CALL queryInterface( Type const & type ) throw (RuntimeException); virtual void SAL_CALL acquire() throw (); virtual void SAL_CALL release() throw (); ... }; void MyService1Impl::acquire() throw () { // thread-safe incrementation of reference count ::osl_incrementInterlockedCount( &m_refcount ); } void MyService1Impl::release() throw () { // thread-safe decrementation of reference count if (0 == ::osl_decrementInterlockedCount( &m_refcount )) { delete this; // shutdown this object } }
在 queryInterface()
方法中,接口指针必须提供给对象的接口。这意味着,将 this 类型分别转换为由接口的 cppumaker 工具生成的纯粹的 C++ 虚类。必须返回所有支持的接口,包括已继承的接口,如 XInterface
。
Any MyService1Impl::queryInterface( Type const & type ) throw (RuntimeException) { if (type.equals( ::cppu::UnoType< Reference< XInterface > >::get())) { // return XInterface interface (resolve ambiguity caused by multiple inheritance from // XInterface subclasses by casting to lang::XTypeProvider) Reference< XInterface > x( static_cast< lang::XTypeProvider * >( this ) ); return makeAny( x ); } if (type.equals( ::cppu::UnoType< Reference< lang::XTypeProvider > >::get())) { // return XInterface interface Reference< XInterface > x( static_cast< lang::XTypeProvider * >( this ) ); return makeAny( x ); } if (type.equals(( ::cppu::UnoType< Reference< lang::XServiceInfo > >::get())) { // return XServiceInfo interface Reference< lang::XServiceInfo > x( static_cast< lang::XServiceInfo * >( this ) ); return makeAny( x ); } if (type.equals( ::cppu::UnoType< Reference< ::my_module::XSomething > >::get())) { // return sample interface Reference< ::my_module::XSomething > x( static_cast< ::my_module::XSomething * >( this ) ); return makeAny( x ); } // querying for unsupported type return Any(); }
XTypeProvider 实现
实现 com.sun.star.lang.XTypeProvider 接口时,有两个方法必须编码。第一个是 getTypes()
,提供实现的所有实现的类型,不包括基本类型,例如 com.sun.star.uno.XInterface。第二个是 getImplementationId()
,提供此组接口的唯一ID。上文提到的线程安全的实现如下所示:
Sequence< Type > MyService1Impl::getTypes() throw (RuntimeException) { Sequence< Type > seq( 3 ); seq[ 0 ] = ::cppu::UnoType< Reference< lang::XTypeProvider > >::get(); seq[ 1 ] = ::cppu::UnoType< Reference< lang::XServiceInfo > >::get(); seq[ 2 ] = ::cppu::UnoType< Reference< ::my_module::XSomething > >::get(); return seq; } Sequence< sal_Int8 > MyService1Impl::getImplementationId() throw (RuntimeException) { static Sequence< sal_Int8 > * s_pId = 0; if (! s_pId) { // create unique id Sequence< sal_Int8 > id( 16 ); ::rtl_createUuid( (sal_uInt8 *)id.getArray(), 0, sal_True ); // guard initialization with some mutex ::osl::MutexGuard guard( ::osl::Mutex::getGlobalMutex() ); if (! s_pId) { static Sequence< sal_Int8 > s_id( id ); s_pId = &s_id; } } return *s_pId; }
通常,如果不知道调用的代码在做什么,调用陌生代码时,不要 acquire() 互斥对象(Mutex)。您永远不会知道陌生代码获取什么样的互斥对象,而这可以导致死锁。这就是为什么在获取初始化互斥对象之前要创建后一个值 (uuid)。成功获取互斥对象后,将再次检查 s_pID 的值并进行指定(如果以前未指定)。这就是“双重检查锁定”设计模式。
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提供单个工厂
函数 component_getFactory()
为请求的实现提供单个对象工厂,以创建其中某个服务实现的对象实例。使用 cppuhelper/factory.hxx 的帮助程序,这可以通过以下代码快速实现:
#include <cppuhelper/factory.hxx> namespace my_sc_impl { ... static Reference< XInterface > SAL_CALL create_MyService1Impl( Reference< XComponentContext > const & xContext ) SAL_THROW( () ) { return static_cast< lang::XTypeProvider * >( new MyService1Impl() ); } static Reference< XInterface > SAL_CALL create_MyService2Impl( Reference< XComponentContext > const & xContext ) SAL_THROW( () ) { return static_cast< lang::XTypeProvider * >( new MyService2Impl() ); } } extern "C" void * SAL_CALL component_getFactory( sal_Char const * implName, lang::XMultiServiceFactory * xMgr, void * ) { Reference< lang::XSingleComponentFactory > xFactory; if (0 == ::rtl_str_compare( implName, "my_module.my_sc_impl.MyService1" )) { // create component factory for MyService1 implementation OUString serviceName( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM("my_module.MyService1") ); xFactory = ::cppu::createSingleComponentFactory( ::my_sc_impl::create_MyService1Impl, OUString( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM("my_module.my_sc_impl.MyService1") ), Sequence< OUString >( &serviceName, 1 ) ); } else if (0 == ::rtl_str_compare( implName, "my_module.my_sc_impl.MyService2" )) { // create component factory for MyService12 implementation OUString serviceName( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM("my_module.MyService2") ); xFactory = ::cppu::createSingleComponentFactory( ::my_sc_impl::create_MyService2Impl, OUString( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM("my_module.my_sc_impl.MyService2") ), Sequence< OUString >( &serviceName, 1 ) ); } if (xFactory.is()) xFactory->acquire(); return xFactory.get(); // return acquired interface pointer or null }
在以上的示例中,请注意在函数 ::my_sc_impl::create_MyService1Impl()
需要实例化类时,它被工厂对象调用。组件上下文 com.sun.star.uno.XComponentContext 提供给该函数,并且可能会传递给 MyService1Impl
的构造函数。
编写注册信息
在将组件注册到注册表数据库文件 (.rdb) 时,共享库组件加载程序将调用函数 component_writeInfo()
。当 regcomp 调用注册表时,组件将有关它可以实例化的对象的信息写入注册表中。
extern "C" sal_Bool SAL_CALL component_writeInfo( lang::XMultiServiceFactory * xMgr, registry::XRegistryKey * xRegistry ) { if (xRegistry) { try { // implementation of MyService1A Reference< registry::XRegistryKey > xKey( xRegistry->createKey( OUString( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM( "my_module.my_sc_impl.MyService1/UNO/SERVICES") ) ) ); // subkeys denote implemented services of implementation xKey->createKey( OUString( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM( "my_module.MyService1") ) ); // implementation of MyService1B xKey = xRegistry->createKey( OUString( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM( "my_module.my_sc_impl.MyService2/UNO/SERVICES") ) ); // subkeys denote implemented services of implementation xKey->createKey( OUString( RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM( "my_module.MyService2") ) ); return sal_True; // success } catch (registry::InvalidRegistryException &) { // function fails if exception caught } } return sal_False; }
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