Math commands - Reference

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Contents 1 Unary / binary operators 2 Relational operators 3 Set operations 4 Functions 5 Operators 6 Attributes 7 Miscellaneous 8 Brackets 9 Formats 10 Characters – Greek 11 Characters – Special

Unary / binary operators

Operation	Command	Display
Positive (plus)	+1	+1
Negative (minus)	-1	−1
Plus/minus	+-1
Minus/plus	-+1
Boolean 'not'	neg a	¬a
Addition	a + b	a+b
Dot product	a cdot b	a·b
Cross product	a times b	a×b
Multiplication (asterisk)	a * b
Boolean 'and'	a and b	a∧b
Subtraction	a - b	a−b
Division (as a fraction)	a over b
Division (as an operator)	a div b	a÷b
Division (with a slash)	a / b	a/b
Boolean 'or'	a or b
Concatenation	a circ b

Relational operators

Operation	Command	Display
Is equal	a = b	a=b
Is not equal	a <> b	a≠b
Approximately	a approx 2	a≈b
Divides	a divides b
Does not divide	a ndivides b
Less than	a < 2	a<b
Greater than	a > 2	a>b
Similar to or equal	a simeq b
Parallel	a parallel b
Orthogonal to	a ortho b
Less than or equal to	a leslant b
Greater than or equal to	a geslant b
Similar to	a sim b
Congruent	a equiv b	a≡b
Less than or equal to	a <= b	a≤b
Greater than or equal to	a >= b	a≥b
Proportional	a prop b
Toward	a toward b	a→b
Arrow left	a dlarrow b	a⇐b
Double arrow left and right	a dlrarrow b	a⇔b
Arrow right	a drarrow b	a⇒b

Set operations

Operation	Command	Display
Is in	a in B	a∈B
Is not in	a notin B	a∉B
Owns	A owns b
Empty set	emptyset
Intersection	A intersection B	A∩B
Union	A union B	A∪B
Difference	A setminus B
Quotient	A slash B
Aleph	aleph	ℵ
Subset	A subset B	A⊂B
Subset or equal to	A subseteq B	A⊆B
Superset	A supset B	A⊃B
Superset or equal to	A supseteq B	A⊇B
Not subset	A nsubset B	A⊂ / B
Not subset or equal	A nsubseteq B	A⊆ / B
Not superset	A nsupset B	A⊃ / B
Not superset or equal	A nsupseteq B	A⊇ / B
Set of natural numbers	setN	ℕ
Set of integers	setZ	ℤ
Set of rational numbers	setQ	ℚ
Set of real numbers	setR	ℝ
Set of complex numbers	setC	ℂ

Functions

Operation	Command	Display
Exponential	func e^{a}
Natural logarithm	ln(a)
Exponential function	exp(a)
Logarithm	log(a)
Power	a^{b}
Sine	sin(a)
Cosine	cos(a)
Tangent	tan(a)
Cotangent	cot(a)
Square root	sqrt{a}
Arcsine	arcsin(a)
Arccosine	arccos(a)
Arctangent	arctan(a)
Arc cotangent	arccot(a)
nth root	nroot{a}{b}
Hyperbolic sine	sinh(a)
Hyperbolic cosine	cosh(a)
Hyperbolic tangent	tanh(a)
Hyperbolic cotangent	coth(a)
Absolute value	abs{a}
Arc hyperbolic sine	arsinh(a)
Arc hyperbolic cosine	arccosh(a)
Arc hyperbolic tangent	arctanh(a)
Arc hyperbolic cotangent	arccoth(a)
Factorial	fact{a}

Operators

All operators can be used with the limit functions (“from" and “to").

Operation	Command	Display
Limit	lim{a}
Sum	sum{a}
Product	prod{a}
Coproduct	coprod{a}
Upper and lower bounds shown with integral	int from {r_0} to {r_t} a
Integral	int{a}
Double integral	iint{a}
Triple integral	iiint{a}
Lower bound shown with summation symbol	sum from{3}b	∑ a 3
Contour integral	lint a
Double curved integral	llint a
Triple curved integral	lllint a
Product with range	prod from {i=1} to {n} {(i+1)}

Attributes

Operation	Command	Display
Acute accent	acute a	á
Grave accent	grave a	à
Reverse circumflex	check a
Breve	breve a
Circle	circle a
Vector arrow	vec a
Tilde	tilde a	ã
Circumflex	hat a	â
Line above	bar a
Dot	dot a
Wide vector arrow	widevec abc
Wide tilde	widetilde abc
Wide circumflex	widehat abc
Double dot	ddot a
Line over	overline abc
Line under	underline abc
Line through	overstrike abc
Triple dot	dddot a
Transparent (useful to get a placeholder of a given size)	phantom a
Bold font	bold a
Italic font (see Note 1)	ital “a"
Resize font	size 16 qv
Following item in sans serif font (see Note 2)	font sans qv
Following item in serif font	font serif qv
Following item in fixed font	font fixed qv
Make color of following text cyan (see Note 3)	color cyan qv
Make color of following text yellow	color yellow qv
Make color of following text white	color white qv
Make color of following text green	color green qv
Make color of following text blue	color blue qv
Make color of following text red	color red qv
Make color green returns to default color black	color green X qv
Brace items to change color of more than one item	color green {X qv}

Note 1: Unquoted text that is not a command is considered to be a variable. Variables are, by default, italicized.

Note 2: There are three custom fonts: serif (with serifs), sans (sans serif, meaning without serifs), and fixed (monospaced). To change the actual fonts used for custom fonts and the fonts used for variables (unquoted text), numbers and functions, use Format > Fonts.

Note 3: For all coloring, the color will apply only to the text immediately following the command until the next space is encountered. In order to have the color apply to more characters, place the text you want in color in curly brackets.

Miscellaneous

Operation	Command	Display
Infinity	infinity
Partial	partial
Nabla	nabla
There exists	exists
For all	forall
H bar	hbar
Lambda bar	lambdabar
Real part	re
Imaginary part	im
Weierstrass p	wp
Left arrow	leftarrow
Right arrow	rightarrow
Up arrow	uparrow
Down arrow	downarrow
Dots at bottom	dotslow
Dots at middle	dotsaxis
Dots vertical	dotsvert
Dots diagonal upward	dotsup
Dots diagonal downward	dotsdown

Brackets

Operation	Command	Display
Round Brackets	(a)	(a)
Square Brackets	[b]	[b]
Double Square Brackets	ldbracket c rdbracket
Single line	lline a rline
Double line	ldline a rdline
Braces	lbrace w rbrace	{w}
Braces	left lbrace stack{0, n <> 0 # 1, n = 1} right none
Angle Brackets	langle d rangle
Operator Brackets	langle a mline b rangle
Group brackets (used for program control)	{a}
Scalable round brackets (add the word "left" before a left bracket and "right" before a right bracket)	left ( stack{a # b # z} right )
Square brackets scalable (as above)	left [ stack{ x # y} right ]
Double square brackets scalable	left ldbracket c right rdbracket
Line scalable	left lline a right rline
Double line scalable	left ldline d right rdline
Brace scalable	left lbrace e right rbrace
Angle bracket scalable	left langle f right rangle
Operator brackets scalable	left langle g mline h right rangle
Over brace scalable	{The brace is above} overbrace a
Under brace scalable	{the brace is below}underbrace {f}

Formats

Operation	Command	Display
Left superscript	a lsup{b}
Center superscript	a csup{b}
Right superscript	a^{b}	ab
Left subscript	a lsub{b}
Center subscript	a csub{b}
Right subscript	a_{b}	ab
Align character to left (text is aligned center by default)	stack { Hello world # alignl (a) }
Align character to center	stack{Hello world # alignc(a)}
Align character to right	stack { Hello world # alignr(a)}
Vertical stack of 2	binom{a}{b}
Vertical stack, more than 2	stack{a # b # z}
Matrix	matrix{ a # b ## c # d }
Equations aligned at '=' (using 'matrix')	matrix{ a # "=" # alignl{b} ## {} # "=" # alignl{c+1} }
Equations aligned at '=' (using 'phantom')	stack{ alignl{a} = b # alignl{phantom{a} = c+1} }
New line	asldkfjo newline sadkfj
Small gap (grave)	stuff `stuff
Large gap (tilde)	stuff~stuff

Characters – Greek

Code	Display	Code	Display	Code	Display	Code	Display	Code	Display
%ALPHA	Α	%BETA	Β	%CHI	Χ	%DELTA	Δ	%EPSILON	Ε
%ETA	Η	%GAMMA	Γ	%IOTA	Ι	%KAPPA	Κ	%LAMBDA	Λ
%MU	Μ	%NU	Ν	%OMEGA	Ω	%OMICRON	Ο	%PHI	Φ
%PI	Π	%PSI	Ψ	%RHO	Ρ	%SIGMA	Σ	%THETA	Θ
%UPSILON	Υ	%XI	Ξ	%ZETA	Ζ
%alpha	α	%beta	β	%chi	χ	%delta	δ	%epsilon	ε
%eta	η	%gamma	γ	%iota	ι	%kappa	κ	%lambda	λ
%mu	μ	%nu	ν	%omega	ω	%omicron	ο	%phi	φ
%pi	π	%rho	ρ	%sigma	σ	%tau	τ	%theta	θ
%upsilon	υ	%varepsilon		%varphi		%varpi		%varrho
%varsigma		%vartheta		%xi	ξ	%zeta	ζ

Characters – Special

%and	%angle	%element	%identical
%infinite	%noelement	%notequal	%or
%perthousand	%strictlygreaterthan	%strictlylessthan	%tendto